“顶级域名”用英文怎么说？

1月21日下午，国内出现大面积网络故障，部分.com网站无法访问。DNS服务商透露，故障原因为全国所有通用顶级域的根服务器出现异常，致国内 大部分用户无法正确解析域名，域名访问请求被跳转到美国一个无响应的IP，对全国互联网链接造成系统性影响，估计有数十万网站受到影响。

请看相关报道：

For a period around 3 pm on Tuesday, attempts to visit many Chinese websites failed, with netizens often receiving error messages. This was due to malfunction of root servers for China’s top-level domain names, the China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) said in a posting on Sina Weibo, the Twitter-like microblogging service.

周二下午三点钟左右，用户在访问国内很多网站时均收到错误提示，网站无法访问。中国互联网信息中心通过新浪微博表示，该问题是由于中国顶级域名根服务器故障所致。

Top-level domain names（顶级域名），专业说法中多叫top-level domains(TLDs)，指网址的后缀，一般都用来表示网站代表的地域或者类别，例如通用域名.com代表商业类，..org代表非营利性组织等等。 顶级域名一般分为“通用顶级域名”（generic top-level domains），如.com, .edu, .gov等，以及“国家及地区代码顶级域名”(country code top-level domains)，如.cn, .uk, .fr等。

此次网络故障（Internet outage）是因为全国通用顶级域名(top-level domains)的根服务器（root server）出现异常，导致大部分用户DNS解析出现异常，所有输入网址均被跳转到（redirected to）一个位于美国的IP地址。根服务器主要用来管理互联网的主目录，全世界只有13台。1个为主根服务器，放置在美国。其余12个均为辅根服务器，其中 9个放置在美国，欧洲2个，位于英国和瑞典，亚洲1个，位于日本。

DNS 是域名系统 (Domain Name System) 的缩写，是因特网的一项核心服务，它作为可以将域名和IP地址相互映射的一个分布式数据库，能够使人更方便的访问互联网，而不用去记住能够被机器直接读取的IP数串。

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