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问题补充
一个由出版机构、译者、读者构成的良性循环的图书翻译市场应当是怎样的?在国内当前环境下若要培养出这样的市场,可能的途径有哪些?
无论业内业外,身处出版方、译者还是读者立场,欢迎发表高见,集思广益=^_^=
回答
这是一个假想题,那就让我们大胆设想一个理想状态吧。
版权引进图书与一般图书最大的区别在于,增加了翻译这个环节,因此也增加了翻译费用这个成本,所以就重点研究这个环节带来的问题,进而如何解决这个问题。
由于这个环节的增加,出版社必然要增加额外的支出,为了尽可能控制成本,只好压低翻译费,结果是找好的译者十分困难,所以此类图书的出版也十分困难。解决这个问题,我认为只有一条路可行,就是把翻译费向版税制靠近,只有提高译者的收入才能从根本上提高图书的质量。而译者的版税又和读者是否买账紧密相关,读者买账译者才能挣钱。那么,假定其他的成本保持不变,由于增加了翻译成本,图书定价自然要高于非翻译类图书,但这部分成本一般不超过图书总成本的10%。而定价的提高与翻译质量的提高是成正比的话,读者自然也会接受。
最终决定引进版权类图书这个蛋糕能做多大的是读者,而为读者选书的也许是出版商也许是译者也许是读者本身,能选到好货的这个人就非常关键了,我们把这样的人称为策划人,所以有一批擅长策划版权图书的策划牛人也异常关键。
至于盗版问题,是对畅销书起作用的,而不单单是对版权书起作用的。
回答
作为一个稿费被拖欠许久的半吊子翻译,我不太清楚出版社是怎么回事,说说实现对这个市场的构想吧。以翻译网站为例,因为互联网实在是太方便:
1.整合翻译资源。中国自称翻译的人多,豆瓣上“试译2000字”都能横行,不怕没有。<私货>其实我觉得有很多书被翻译毁了,应该重新翻译一遍。</私货>
2.提高工资标准,做好前期赔钱和长期赔钱的准备,我不看好图书市场,包括电子书和实体书。
3.退稿机制,“翻译”多、投机和自不量力的多,所以不能和国外翻译网站一样设置一个或多个测试来挑选。在用户注册协议上提出这点。(顺便改进“我已经认真阅读并同意协议”这个神奇的悖论..)
4.积分机制,与翻译成果字数有关。为了保护和鼓励新译者,建议部分时效性要求不高的供稿分发至“只限翻译字数xxxx以下的译者领取”,必要时可以由对供稿进行种类划分。
4.审稿机制,如果质量没有差到必须退,稿子转移至此,原翻译适当降低报酬,抱歉,这个“适当”的算法我一下连变量都想不出来。审稿员从资深翻译和出版社里找,工资参考textmaster。
一个有点远的想法,为了防止审稿员不认真做事,为了维护世界的和平,审阅过后的稿子随机抽取部分、随机分发给译者评分。
5.按时付款、找靠谱的人来做网站之类的成功学就不想说了。
回答
回答
建立退书制度,读者购买之后如果觉得翻译的不好便可以得到退款,这样出版社的收益就和翻译质量挂钩,也就必然会对翻译质量负责。
回答
版权保护和定价提高是当下关键。
另,图书编辑的责任重大,负责沟通出版方、原作者、译者、插画师等,和图书审校。
翻译对时效性有较强侧重,畅销小说尤是,完整生产周期在6个月左右,翻译和编辑的时间3-4个月,审校赶工则会严重影响图书质量。
回答
从源头开始的话,应该是翻译者。
千字20元,甚至更低的稿酬,谁做?
提高书价赚的也不会是译者。
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