诗歌能被翻译吗？翻译注定会流失一些东西

张佳玮认为：

翻译本来就是以夜光杯盛威士忌，译诗更是永无止境的艰难。文字的音韵节奏，很仰赖断句和标点——读过古龙的同学，都明白这是啥意思。西方诗歌讲音步，长短音、轻重音、也有爱伦·坡那样，疯狂玩近似音的。他种语言要寻意思相配，而口感又能珠联璧合，要求100%，实非人力可达，有时只好怪祖宗造字，没造好适配的词。故，诗能与原诗映衬、意韵皆衬的翻译，是可遇而不可求的了。或者说，只要翻译，绝大多数时候，是没法完美的。

越是讲求音韵的诗，翻译时越会流失东西。反而是庞德那样重意象的诗，被削减的还稍微少一点。

60年代，查良铮先生（穆旦）和丁一英先生写信扯过这回事。丁先生以字对字、句对句、结构对结构的原则，指出查先生翻译没有“忠实原文”，而穆旦先生则认为：
“有时逐字‘准确’的翻译的结果并不准确。……译诗不仅要注意意思，而且要把旋律和风格表现出来……要紧的，是把原诗的主要实质传达出来。……为了保留主要的东西，在细节上就可以自由些。这里要求大胆。……译者不是八哥儿；好的译诗中，应该是既看得见原诗人的风格，也看得出译者的特点。”
“大胆”而“忠实”，这就是查良铮（穆旦）的翻译，也就是王小波最推崇的。
总之，翻译注定会流失一些东西。
持忠实直译者，会更忠实于字句和原意，但译出来的诗意，多少会比原文少那么一点点。
查良铮这样的诗人译者，则尽量在用自己的才华，把“少掉的那一点点”给表现出来。所以译诗者，多半自己也是诗人。但再怎么伟大的译诗，也只能说和原诗类似，真要100%还原，实在不可能。

 

Tags: 文学作品翻译 文学翻译 翻译家 诗歌翻译

其他新闻

1. 2008年3月7日布什谈论经济原文及MP3资料

   
   Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
   PresidentBushDiscussesEconomy 　　THE PRESIDENT: Earlier today I spoke with members of my economic team. They updated me on the state of our economy. This morning we learned ...

2. 3月29日美国总统每周电台发言原文资料及现场MP3

   
   Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
   PresidentsRadioAddress 　　THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. Its not every day that Americans look forward to hearing from the Internal Revenue Service, bu...

3. 2008年3月13日布什精彩演讲原文及MP3资料

   
   Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
   PresidentBushDiscussesFISA 　　THE PRESIDENT: Last month House leaders declared that they needed 21 additional days to pass legislation giving our intelligence professionals ...

4. 4月3日布什出席北大西洋峰会讲话原文及MP3

   
   Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
   PresidentBushAttendsNorthAtlanticCouncilSummitMeeting 　　THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Secretary General, President Basescu, thank you all very much. For nearly six decades the NATO Alli...

5. 3月31日布什前往大西洋公约组织会议讲话及MP3

   
   Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
   PresidentBushDepartsforNATOSummit 　　THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. Laura and I are on our way to a very important NATO summit, and members of the United States Congress are o...

6. 2008年3月14日布什精彩演讲原文及MP3资料

   
   Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
   PresidentBushVisitstheEconomicClubofNewYork 　　THE PRESIDENT: Glenn, thanks for the kind introduction. Thanks for giving me a chance to speak to the Economic Club of New Yor...

7. 4月5日布什会见克罗地亚总统讲话原文及MP3

   
   Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
   <P class=0 style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: rgb(0,51,153); FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial'; mso-spacerun: 'yes...

8. 3月15日美国总统每周电台发言原文及现场MP3资料

   
   Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
   President'sRadioAddress 　　THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. On Friday, I traveled to New York City to talk about the state of our economy. This is a top...

9. 4月1日布什与乌克兰总统尤先科会谈原文及MP3

   
   Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
   PresidentBushParticipatesinJointPressAvailabilitywithPresidentViktorYushchenkoofUkraine 　　PRESIDENT YUSHCHENKO: (As translated.) Dear Mr. President, excellencies, ladies and ...

10. 4月5日美国总统每周电台发言讲话原文及MP3

    
    Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
    President'sRadioAddress 　　THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. I'm speaking to you from Europe, where I attended the NATO summit and witnessed the hopeful pr...