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网络流行语频频出现在进口片中文字幕中,如今已有泛滥之势,正在上映的好莱坞动画大片《怪兽大学》就是最新典型。片中搞笑的动画怪物让观众回味无穷,也创造了皮克斯动画在内地的票房纪录。但影片中文字幕过多采用网络流行语也引起不少争议。
现象
“坑爹”、“刷夜”现身字幕
《怪兽大学》是2001年经典动画《怪兽电力公司》的前传,故事回溯到主角毛怪与大眼仔的大学时光,这群小怪兽们需要在大学里进修惊吓小孩的技巧,影片大量“惊吓专员”的搞怪桥段让观众看得哈哈大笑。与此同时,大量网络流行语渗透到中文字幕中,记者看片时粗略统计,“吓二代”、“坑爹”、“走你”、“吊丝逆袭”、“草根”、“刷夜”等都先后出现,几分钟一个,密度非常高。
毛怪以自己出自名门望族而自豪,被他的同学们称为“吓二代”,但他在怪兽大学惊吓学院的功课不及格,被开除出院,学院院长郝刻薄说他“我觉得你真是坑爹”,这句话令现场观众笑出了声。当梦中的大眼仔误把毛怪当做“女神”时,也让观众笑得前仰后合。不过,该片字幕中出现的“奇葩”、“飘过”、“神马”、“吊丝逆袭”等其他被用滥的网络用语,虽然符合片中语境,但大多“笑”果不足,并没有引起观众太多反应。
此外,从大眼仔和毛怪等怪兽角色口中说出“虎父无犬子”、“人中龙凤”等汉语成语,显示出该片翻译对字幕进行本土化的努力。怪兽大学的草地上,学生弹着吉他吟唱的歌词,也被本土化为“对面的小怪你看过来”,有观众觉得这句歌词译得比较到位,甚至可以说出彩。但这些字幕翻译也显得过度发挥,离原文意思有差距。
观点
网络流行语有人赞有人烦
近年来,越来越多的网络流行语渗透到进口片的中文字幕中,基本上贬多于褒。比如今年上半年的《悲惨世界》,其翻译被认为“韵味全无,且误译多多”;《环太平洋》也是如此,片中台词英文原意为“手肘火箭”,而内地版中文字幕就变成了“天马流星拳”。
与《环太平洋》“天马流星拳”、《黑衣人3》“天长地久有时尽、此恨绵绵无绝期”字幕遭到网友吐槽相比,《怪兽大学》的中文字幕刻意接地气,整体上并没有招来观众太多反感,但也褒贬不一。“字幕翻译颇出彩,坑爹、刷夜、吊丝逆袭、郝刻薄院长等传神到位!”喜欢的观众直言,字幕令影片很接地气,趣味性强。不喜欢的观众则抱怨这类网络流行语用得不伦不类,影响看片时的情感投入,从外国人或怪兽的嘴里说出来,听起来有点别扭。
对于这类刻意讨好观众的字幕翻译,业内人士表示,运用网络用语翻译轻松喜剧类型片,有时确实达到了画龙点睛的作用,但盲目追求流行语以致泛滥成灾,就让人欲哭无泪了。
解释
片方要求翻译本土化添笑料
目前国内进口片字幕翻译有长影译制厂、京译(中影和八一厂)、上影译制厂三支队伍,但实际操作中,绝大多数都是兼职翻译,有媒体人、大学老师或者电影公司内部人员。为防止影片提前泄露,译制厂通常会选择信得过的圈内人做翻译,而电影圈内英语水平较高者凤毛麟角,译者水平参差不齐,导致翻译效果要么很随意,要么频现失误。
《黑衣人3》、《环太平洋》的字幕翻译都是贾秀琰,她来自八一厂,兼职从事进口片的字幕翻译。贾秀琰解释,“进口片给的译制时间通常很短,尤其是分账大片,一般都是在上映前一个半月拿到剧本和音像素材,要在20天内完成翻译、配音、审核等多个流程,留给翻译的时间就更短了。”据了解,每部电影的中文字幕翻译酬劳只有两三千元,目前愿意参与电影中文字幕翻译的人,多数不是单纯从钱考虑,更多是冲着爱好而来。
在贾秀琰看来,自己翻译时不会哗众取宠,会根据影片风格来翻译,严肃的影片适合直译,但动画片、喜剧片翻译发挥的余地较大,多为意译。虽然《怪兽大学》并不是她翻译的字幕,但她觉得这类动画片采用大量网络流行语挺好。“他们动了脑子用了智慧,这种意译比直译难,有意添加一些笑料,只要别让观众听不懂就行。”
她也跟片方迪士尼合作过,她透露说,迪士尼也希望影片翻译本土化,甚至会特意标明哪些台词需要进行本土化处理,要让观众感受到幽默。至于观众所诟病的“流行用语太多”或者“发挥有点过了”之类的毛病,贾秀琰说,没有明文规定用多少本土俗语算“太多”。“只是不同的翻译风格,大家见仁见智吧。”
Tags: VCD字幕翻译 喜剧片翻译 意译 本地化翻译 电影翻译
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