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据马来西亚东方日报网站报道,现年52岁的新加坡工程师李国樑,在浏览新加坡文物局网站时,发现数处中文翻译错误。如将“全国”翻译成“全美”,地名“BrasBasah”(勿拉士巴沙)翻译成“胸围Basah”等。随后,新加坡文物局公开回应,称网站内容的确是通过谷歌翻译器翻译,现在已终止使用翻译功能,并向公众致歉。(9月10日环球时报)
近日,《环球时报》上关于新加坡政府网站的中文翻译错误问题引发了大众读者的注目,该新闻以“啼笑皆非”为标题更令人引发了思考。在各国网站的外文版建设过程中,不缺乏使用翻译器的直译而导致出现的翻译误差。网站内容需要的还是专职人员进行得体有效的翻译。那么,政府网站的翻译究竟要如何才能更加得体有效呢?
从网站的架构来看,主页面到各个层级,栏目、标题到各个文章内容,使用的翻译方法不同。而网站的栏目、导航等以词汇短句为主的通常能够采取直译方式。该方式简洁明了,表达直观,如“Home”为“主页”,“Culture”为“文化”等等。这些往往在中英文当中有直接的对应词,并且不需要考虑语法,而对于这些简短的词汇,我们只需要注意一词多义的现象而选择恰当的词汇即可。
意译,就是根据原文的大意来进行翻译,而不是逐字逐句。中西方的文化差异导致用词上的区别。而我们常用的网站翻译器常常只能直译而不能理解其深刻的含义。因此,在网站的介绍信息方面,一些俚语及专业用词常常要用意译。如介绍名人时“XXXXX put his hometown on the map.”,如果将该句话放入某些翻译器中,不乏有翻译的结果为“XXX把他的家乡放在了地图上”。而通过意译我们可以了解到,这句话的原意为“XXX使他的家乡声名远播”。
我们常说,翻译需要“信、达、雅”。这不仅仅只是对于文学,而对于政府网站上的内容翻译同样需要不失真,尽量将两种文化靠近来作翻译,译文要遵从源文化与源作者的遣词习惯,并保留异国情调。这种情况通常在介绍国外文化或者固定语句时出现,比如我们熟悉的“All roads lead to Rome.”异化翻译作“条条大路通罗马”。
当然政府网站上的翻译还不仅仅是这些,并且这些是从英文到中文翻译过程中所会遇到的情况。若说到中文到英文的翻译的过程,我国的政府网站同样存在着一些相关的问题,如意译的选词不准确、未能在完全理解西方文化的前提下进行等等。同时也存在着新闻标题首字母未大写等书写方面的问题。
中国社科院信息化研究中心与国脉互联政府网站研究中心联合举办的的“2013中国政府网站绩效评估活动”正在进行中,中国政府网站国际化程度同样是一个重要的评估内容。
Tags: 中英文互译 中英文翻译 外文翻译 直译 网站翻译
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