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在前不久举办的BIBF“文学之夜”书友会上,俄国作家德米特里·格鲁霍夫斯基在被问到对中国文学和中国作家有何了解时,他开诚布公地答到:了解很少,因为目前在俄罗斯的书店里,还很难买到翻译成俄语的中国当代文学作品。(9月3日 光明网)
德米特里先生的这句话也许也代表了众多对中国文学作品感兴趣的国外读者的心声,他们渴望了解中国当代优秀作品,但没有足够的译作供他们阅读。与早已走进中国的外国文学作品相比,中国文学走出去的步伐似乎慢了许多。
中国当代优秀作品中译外严重不足的尴尬、供不应求的市场情况,大大影响了中国文化的国际传播力。文学最能反映一个国家的文化,文学作品是一个国家展示文化软实力的重要窗口。通过这扇窗,中国文化可以以随风入夜、润物无声的安静方式进入世界视野,各国读者从文学作品的字里行间感受中国文化的博大精深和无限魅力。而“中译外作品荒”却在无形中将这扇窗关上了。
反思我国出现“中译外作品荒”的原因,一方面是受翻译工作本身难度较大的影响。翻译过程本身是一个再创造的过程,它对译者的文学素养和语言水平要求都很高。文学是语言的艺术,而语言是文学交流的最大障碍。翻译不仅要求译者对源语言、目标语言本身要有很好的驾驭能力,还要熟知两种语言背后所蕴含的文化;另一方面是我国对翻译作品的报酬不高,尽管物价一路飙升,但翻译的报酬一直稳居在千字几十元的水平,这不利于提高人们对翻译的积极性。
“中译外作品荒”的现状亟待改变。9月2日在北京启动的“2013中国当代优秀作品国际翻译大赛”的举办是一个积极的引导,今后相关部门应加大对翻译工作的认识,多举办这类比赛,吸引更多的人关注和了解翻译工作。此外还应提高译者的报酬,吸引更多的人才加入到翻译工作中,培养一支翻译素质过硬的翻译队伍,让他们成为为中国文化对外传播的使者。
随着全世界对中国文化关注度的不断提高,越来越多的外国人开始关注中国,中国要不断提升自身的文化软实力,文化就必须要走出去。我们应充分发挥文学作品的文化代言作用,以翻译为桥梁,打破“中译外作品荒”的尴尬局面,通过中译外的文学作品让更多人了解中国,让中国的文学作品打动世界。
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