什么情况下韩语会频繁用「斯密达」？

[~습니다] (sum-ni-da) 是敬语，而且是“正式场合”专用的敬语体。

在这个敬语体中，根据前缀词和表达意思的不同，会有 [~합니다] (hab-ni-da), [~입니다] (ib-ni-da)，[~습니까] (sum-ni-kka) 等等后结语。思密达只是在这个[~니다](ni-da)敬语体的后结语之一，实际情况下，用思密达做结语的文章比例并不算频繁。所以，称为思密达是很不严谨的，客观来讲应该是叫尼大体。  日本2ch的变态们在讽刺韩国人的时候就是叫nida。

常用思密达的所谓的正式场合是新闻播报、主持、广播，政府或商业机构的官方公告、以及书面说明等场合。也就是说，思密达是面对非特定对象群众的敬语。此外，跟不熟悉或敬而远之的对象（长辈、客户、商务关系）在正式场合会面时，也可采用该敬语体表示尊重。  这是无论南韩北韩都采用的标准规则。  而在中国延边地区的朝鲜族和朝鲜半岛部分地区的方言中，倒是直接在口头上使用，而且简化为[슴다](sum-da)，会把 [ ni ] 省略掉。

[思密达] 这种语法的概括方式，也是因为没有接触过真实韩国/朝鲜，只通过电视等媒体听到韩文正规敬语才会犯这种错误概括。因为日常生活中最常用的是以yo结尾的yo体，或者是平语体。

非正式场合的口头敬语称之为 [해요체]（hae-yo体），是从南方方言发展为南韩标准生活用敬语的。特征是所有语句都以～yo结束，当然跟hip hop没关系。韩剧韩国电影或是普通韩国人的生活中对话基本上是用这个敬语。所以，除了韩国新闻播报、广播播音或主持之外，生活中很难听到 [思密达]。

话说回来，用 [思密达] 嘲笑韩国人非但是没有修养的言行，同时也说明其实不了解现实中的韩国生活用语，所以不大妥当思密达。

Tags: 韩国语翻译 韩文翻译 韩语翻译 韩语翻译汉语

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