您的位置:上海翻译公司>翻译资讯>为何 John 要译成「约翰」?
回答
John 起源于《新约圣经》里的人物 John the Baptist(基督教和合本译为施洗约翰,天主教译为圣若翰洗者)。施洗约翰在约旦河中为人施洗礼,劝人悔改,是基督教的先行者,为耶稣宣讲教义打下了基础。
施洗约翰的名字在希伯来语中读作「约翰南」(יוֹחָנָן, Yôḥanan)。我猜测,今世汉译「约翰」即由此来。
Yohanan 演化到 John 的过程是——
题外话:Evan 这个英语名字也是 John 的变种,威尔士语将 John 变成了 Ifan,后来威尔士名字 Ifan 又变成了英语名字 Evan。
参考资料——
维基百科词条:John (given name) http://goo.gl/ICEy2
维基百科词条:圣若翰洗者 http://goo.gl/mXc6R
回答
在唐朝的时候,基督教已经由波斯传到西安了,当时的“大秦景教流行中国碑”碑文上就把John翻译成”曜轮”。
最早的圣经译本大概是十三十四世纪的《若望孟高维诺译本》,当时John翻译成若望,现在新教好像还沿用这种译名。
十九世纪初,对后来圣经翻译有巨大影响的Marshman译本中,John还是翻译成若翰。十九世纪中叶,美国浸礼会对Marshman译本进行修订,才把John翻译成约翰。
至于你问的为什么叫做约翰,我觉得一方面是读音相似,另外也因为翰字在文言文中也比较文雅,也不是什么生僻字。
更新:
有人说读音不相似,要知道当初来中国的传教士有各个地方的人,John的德语发音就像是约翰。
http://zh.forvo.com/word/john/
回答
翻译是以一个词语的来源语言为准,而不是基于一个翻译成另外一种语言的翻译版再行翻译。
John 实际上相当于英语系对这个词汇的翻译。汉语的翻译是基于来源的希伯来语,而希伯来语中这个词应翻译为约翰。
回答
另外,Ian(伊安)、 Sean(音同 Shawn,演变自 Jean)和 Shane 也是 John 的变种。
回答
多数北欧语言里“J”的发音都是“伊”,比如德文里面”John”的变体是“Johan”, 我有个朋友名字就这么拼,名字发音类似”悠汗”。因此原因可能非常简单:最早期的作品翻译时不是从英文来的。
相对照,香港一直受英国影响,广东话里“强”的发音就和“John”一样。
这类似为什么 Greece 是”希腊”,因为用希腊文拼写,国家名字是“Hellas”。
回答
John是一个源于《圣经》的名字,按希伯来语读法即为“约翰”。
进入英语时,保留了拼法,读音却发生了改变。
相应地,Johnny、Johnson等名字也翻译为“约翰尼”、“约翰森”。
回答
像“乔丹”这样的译名肯定来自以吴语,闽语等方言为母语的译者。这两种方言里面,“乔”字发音和“娇”差不多一样,只不过声调是二声。所以,对于这些译者来说,用“乔丹”来对应 Jordan,从语音上来说是非常贴切的。
回答
我的猜想是。“约翰”这个音译尽管与英语的发音不相近;但与德语很像。同例还有Jesus按照德语读,也就是“耶稣丝”了。 当然John在德语里就德化成Johan了,不过也差不多,而且更“约翰”。在下只是一直这么认为,未尝考证过,聊备一说~
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushDiscussesEconomy
THE PRESIDENT: Earlier today I spoke with members of my economic team. They updated me on the state of our economy. This morning we learned ...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentsRadioAddress
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. Its not every day that Americans look forward to hearing from the Internal Revenue Service, bu...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushDiscussesFISA
THE PRESIDENT: Last month House leaders declared that they needed 21 additional days to pass legislation giving our intelligence professionals ...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushAttendsNorthAtlanticCouncilSummitMeeting
THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Secretary General, President Basescu, thank you all very much. For nearly six decades the NATO Alli...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushDepartsforNATOSummit
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. Laura and I are on our way to a very important NATO summit, and members of the United States Congress are o...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushVisitstheEconomicClubofNewYork
THE PRESIDENT: Glenn, thanks for the kind introduction. Thanks for giving me a chance to speak to the Economic Club of New Yor...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
<P class=0 style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: rgb(0,51,153); FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial'; mso-spacerun: 'yes...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
President'sRadioAddress
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. On Friday, I traveled to New York City to talk about the state of our economy. This is a top...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushParticipatesinJointPressAvailabilitywithPresidentViktorYushchenkoofUkraine
PRESIDENT YUSHCHENKO: (As translated.) Dear Mr. President, excellencies, ladies and ...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
President'sRadioAddress
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. I'm speaking to you from Europe, where I attended the NATO summit and witnessed the hopeful pr...