回答1
陆和港台的NBA翻译法其实不一样。像港台是尽量直译的,而大陆会有一些变化。所以港台那里,就显得更美式一点。举个最简单的例子:HELP DEFENSE,港台解说员会直译帮忙防守,大陆会说协防。
仅就大陆而言,许多NBA术语是因为早期为了方便传播而译简单了。比如,PICK AND ROLL,译做挡拆,很不错的翻译。但后来因为若干媒体和某些从业者的误读,导致“无球掩护“、”对球掩护“、”挡拆外切“、”挡拆内切“全部被一句”挡拆“搞定了。以至于现在许多人都误会”挡了人就是挡拆“。实际上,PICK AND ROLL的意思应该是”对球掩护后内切意图接持球者传球“这一种。像PICK AND POP(挡拆外切)、OFF-BALL SCREEN(无球掩护)现在会被许多媒体直接归到”挡拆“一列里。
实际上,与其说是”翻译错误“,不如说是”试图用一两个词来涵盖大量术语“,结果就是术语太多,而词太少。
比如,HIGH-POST PLAY、MID-POST PLAY、LOW-POST PLAY三种背打,在我们这儿会被概括为”背打“或”低位背打“,后一个错误尤其常见。然后,像SPACING(牵制对手拉开空间)、MID-POST(中位背身)、JUMP ON BALL(这个实在很难翻译了)之类都没有合适的翻译。
我和于嘉老师曾闲聊过一个事:像TRAP(比如防挡拆时双人围夹罗斯)和DOUBLE-TEAM(比如霍华德持球时遭左右包夹)其实是两种不同东西,但在我们这儿,会一律呼为”包夹“。我们说如何改变这一现状呢?想了想,说把TRAP译做围逼可能更传神些。但单是我们俩小范围聊天用没办法。大众媒体依然会直接用一些很宽泛的词来涵盖大量术语。比如老尼尔森和丹东尼的打法明明不同,偏用一句”跑轰“就全概括了这样子。
其实不只NBA如此,足球、橄榄球、网球等都有这问题。网球的不同击球术语、足球里不同体系的各类位置,都是如此。我们这里体育媒体已算发达了,但专业的术语和标准一直有些模糊,所以大家也就约定俗成这么下来了。要改实在非一时可致,只能逐渐逐渐等大家看多了自己改过来吧——我是觉得眼下的各类战术误读,肯定已比90年代中期好多了。
回答2
一些队名翻译的很奇怪,如下:
步行者:pacer这个台湾叫遛马,不过貌似更靠谱的是指印第安纳著名的赛车赛事的头车,佐证是据说他们主场会播放赛车引擎轰鸣的音效。
奇才:还是翻成巫师更合适,他们的logo就是个法师的样子。
尼克斯:直接从knicks音译,好像有点偷懒了。据说这个是灯笼裤这个词的谐音。
掘金:nugget貌似怎么都没有动词性吧……金块靠谱。(要不然叫丹佛麦乐鸡队也不错)
小牛:maverick原意是未烙印的未驯服的小牲畜,不一定是指牛,他们的logo上就是匹马。不过叫别的也貌似没有什么特别雅致的,达拉斯小畜生队什么的都很囧。
以上。
回答3
既然ls说到了队名,76人就不能不提(Philadelphia 76ers)中的76ers指的是1776年,对独立宣言签署那年的纪念
而当时的译者看到er就想当然的认为是XX人,致使该误译沿用至今。
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