问题补充
Typography 翻译为“字体排印”是否恰当?是否有其他更好的翻译(及翻译理由)?“字体排印”在当下的中文语境中,很容易令人对这个概念的理解侧重到“字体(typeface)”上,而“字体”在当下的中文语境中容易被替代为“计算机字体(font)”——这与typography的本义相去甚远。且“排印”的概念似乎也略显狭窄。
另外,很多著作都将typography翻译为“文字设计”。
例如:
http://book.douban.com/subject/2147558/
http://book.douban.com/subject/2183171/
http://book.douban.com/subject/3070283/
回答
“字体排印”的译法来自某台湾教授的论文,为 Type is Beautiful 开始时使用的翻译,也是我后来在创建中文维基百科该条目时使用的翻译。当时缺乏一个被广泛认同的译法,但字、体、排、印的确基本上涵盖了 typography 的概念,这里“字体”并非一个概念,而应理解为“字”和“体”。
我现在倾向于“文字设计”。放弃“字体排印”的原因仍然因为有点别扭,而非意义上的缺陷。Typography 既有排版也有字体,“文”和“字”即涵盖了这两个概念:“文”设计即排版和页面,“字”设计即字体。尽管无论什么时候 typography 都少不了工艺,但比起 typesetting 等指动作的概念,typography 仍然指的文字设计和排列的艺术和视觉结果,这个概念应该用“设计”能概括的更好。
“文字铸排”已经不适合当今的 typography,因为没有传统意义上的“铸”了。Typographers 所做的 typography 从18世纪 printing 与 typography 分离开始,就越来越成为一项“设计”而非“技艺”了,大多数 typographers 从事的多是指导和绘制,而非事实的“铸造”或“排字”(这是 typesetter 和 foundry 做的事情了)。当然这个词在描述早期 typography 的时候仍然十分合适。
回答
「文字铸排」
apple4us
其实 typography 翻译成「排字学」不好吗?Typographer 就是排字工匠。
https://twitter.com/#!/apple4us/status/61676580589666304
Typeisbeautiful
@apple4us 字体排印是太冗赘了。倾向于“文字设计”。
https://twitter.com/#!/Typeisbeautiful/status/61678140468105217
apple4us
@Typeisbeautiful 我觉得「排」这个动作很重要,字体设计是 font design,和 typography 应该说是不一样的。另外设计一词如今承载了很多不纯粹的东西,跟 typography 这种手工艺的气质不太吻合
https://twitter.com/#!/apple4us/status/61678740589129729
Typeisbeautiful
@apple4us 说的是文字设计了。字体设计是很窄。感觉设计比“排”更符合 typography 较宽泛的涵义。排字应该是 typesetting。
https://twitter.com/#!/Typeisbeautiful/status/61679774690582528
Typeisbeautiful
@apple4us 排、印两字比较能保持 typography 的工艺味道,不过字形塑造的意思就没了,在我看来这或许是最重要的。设计一词的确有过分使用之嫌,所以最好的方案或许是,文字铸排?
https://twitter.com/#!/Typeisbeautiful/status/61687841398337536
apple4us
「@Typeisbeautiful: 排、印两字比较能保持 typography 的工艺味道,不过字形塑造的意思就没了……设计一词的确有过分使用之嫌,所以最好的方案或许是,文字铸排?」同意。
https://twitter.com/#!/apple4us/status/61696705359396864
Typeisbeautiful
@lianghai @apple4us “文字设计”比较通用,且包含多种意思。只是确实少了早期 typographer 的工匠气。所以可以按时间和语境来译。
https://twitter.com/#!/Typeisbeautiful/status/61698343964913664
apple4us
@Typeisbeautiful 我提起这件事请,就是为了恢复这个概念在中文语境里的工匠气。今天的字体设计师和排字师跟活字时代的一样,做的是手工艺活,个人气质上也的确偏向工匠。称她们为设计师,是辱没了她们。「匠气」在中文是贬义词,大谬也。
https://twitter.com/#!/apple4us/status/61700088216551424
Typeisbeautiful
@apple4us 我国文化倾向于求道,轻视“雕虫小技”,所以匠艺(craftsmanship)被瞧不起,也并非一日之寒。凡汽车制造、建筑施工、乃至数码产品都有此毛病,短期内无望改观。
https://twitter.com/#!/Typeisbeautiful/status/61715407349886976
注:最后一句是吐槽之言,仅供参考,无意争论。
回答
我赞成翻译成“文字设计”。
typography虽然有排版的意思(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typography 提到”arranging type”),但是现在的typography已经脱离”工匠排版的技艺”这种实践了,我在欧美听人谈起实践typography,常指“设计一套字体”;
排版虽然也可以算作这一块,但是可以说“版面设计”,更直观一些。
回答
印刷设计 从早期报纸排版得来 现在我觉得翻译成 文版设计 好
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushDiscussesEconomy
THE PRESIDENT: Earlier today I spoke with members of my economic team. They updated me on the state of our economy. This morning we learned ...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentsRadioAddress
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. Its not every day that Americans look forward to hearing from the Internal Revenue Service, bu...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushDiscussesFISA
THE PRESIDENT: Last month House leaders declared that they needed 21 additional days to pass legislation giving our intelligence professionals ...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushAttendsNorthAtlanticCouncilSummitMeeting
THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Secretary General, President Basescu, thank you all very much. For nearly six decades the NATO Alli...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushDepartsforNATOSummit
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. Laura and I are on our way to a very important NATO summit, and members of the United States Congress are o...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushVisitstheEconomicClubofNewYork
THE PRESIDENT: Glenn, thanks for the kind introduction. Thanks for giving me a chance to speak to the Economic Club of New Yor...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
<P class=0 style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: rgb(0,51,153); FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial'; mso-spacerun: 'yes...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
President'sRadioAddress
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. On Friday, I traveled to New York City to talk about the state of our economy. This is a top...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushParticipatesinJointPressAvailabilitywithPresidentViktorYushchenkoofUkraine
PRESIDENT YUSHCHENKO: (As translated.) Dear Mr. President, excellencies, ladies and ...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
President'sRadioAddress
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. I'm speaking to you from Europe, where I attended the NATO summit and witnessed the hopeful pr...