Tom Sachs 说 「Creativity is the Enemy of Innovation」，这句话应该如何理解？

回答

請參考香港商業電台策劃總監黃永這篇《創新是革新的敵人》（節選）http://www.iball.hk/blog/front/blogdetail.aspx?postid=50884&blogid=77：

最新一期《華爾街日報雜誌》（WSJ Magazine）剛公布了第一屆「年度革新者大奬」（Innovators of the Year Awards）的七名得奬者。比起那些得奬者更先聲奪人的，卻是本文標題的那卷首語：Creativity is the Enemy of Innovation！作為一位曾在英國研究創意產業的我來說，這句話帶來了教人興奮的震撼——在學術世界，學者們早分成兩大流派：英國的研究集中探討「創新」（Creativity），而美國則一直專注「革新」（Innovation）。然而，在商業社會、日常生活以至政策討論中，「創新」和「革新」兩個概念仍常被混淆。因此，當看到一本美國財經報章所辦的生活品味雜誌，會以「創新是革新的敵人」為題時，實在有點感動：看來，象牙塔內之討論，終於滲透到現實世界，為人類帶來又一次範式轉移。

簡言之，創新要求有價值（valuable）的想法，而革新則要求那個想法可具體執行、且有利可圖（profitable）——而認為「創新是革新的敵人」的是新晉藝術家Tom Sachs，雜誌內紀錄了他兩段發人深省的話http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204644504576653261487906754.html：

第一句：「一個人有能力、有空間去發揮創意時，並不等於他便要立即展現創意。創造力應該要待不得不轉變時，始應該發揮出來。」

換言之，創意之所以是革新過程中的敵人，乃是因為太多人太隨便地拋棄一些行之有效的好想法，目的只是為求凸顯自己有創意。因此，為免創意被始亂終棄，越有創造力的人，越應該抑壓自己的創意，不能輕易地讓寶劍出鞘。

第二句：「如果你膜拜金錢，你會永遠感到貧窮。如你膜拜美貎，你會永遠感到醜陋。如你膜拜權勢，你會永遠感到無力——同樣，如你膜拜創意，你會永遠感到落後。」

用這個角度去理解「創新是革新的敵人」這句話，則創新是在你身後不斷追趕你的夢魘，是一股持續推動人向前的力量。

Tom Sachs 的說法，接近西方諺語的「不要重新發明輪子」（Don’t re-invent the wheel），但層次更高：隨著科技不斷發達，思想交流變得極為容易，人類社會正以史無前例的速度在更新當中，甚至令許多人在這革新的過程間迷失在人人也可以透過互聯網平台表達創作的今天，真正優秀的創意需要爭取更多時間來醖釀。因此，創意在現世成了敵人、是當下之魔鬼，總是在引誘你用新想法跳過去便算。

回答

當代藝術家的這些警語大多空洞無物，我認為不必在意。很多時候他們只是偶爾有感，就將一個瞬間迸發的念頭詮釋、分析成一種貌似具有普遍性的道理，這讓我想起《Annie Hall》里的一句對白：

‘Right now it’s only a notion, but I think I can get the money to make it into a concept, and later turn it into an idea.’

Tags: 文化翻译 艺术翻译

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