新华网北京9月6日电(张云龙 杨慧 姚晓慧)导演索菲亚·科波拉的作品《迷失东京》(英文“迷失在翻译中”)中有一幕让人印象深刻:美国艺人鲍勃在陌生的东京为日本威士忌品牌拍广告,导演叽里呱啦说半天,女翻译却只有寥寥数语,虽重复多次,但鲍勃总不太明白。
这种由语言和文化差异引发的“翻译迷失”之苦,也困扰着努力走向世界的中国文学。
有着悠久历史的中国在文学上的收获十分丰厚。然而,相对于中国书店里林林总总的外国文学译著而言,外国书店里上架的中国作者作品可谓凤毛麟角。
北京大学教授张颐武认为,相对于中国引进的外国文学作品,中国文学作品“走出去”的步伐要慢得多,这很大程度上是受制于翻译能力的不足。
一位英国媒体人向记者表示,中文作品意象和隐喻等元素繁复,要在英文中完整传递中文意境“是不可能完成的任务”,译者应是以英语为母语者,精通中文,并对作品内容相当熟悉,“最好就是作者家人或朋友”。
近来因作品《你在高原》而炙手可热的作家张炜,正计划陆续在国外推出其作品外文版。他向媒体表示,希望译本有诗境和原文特质,并坦言全世界能翻译中国文学作品的翻译家“并不像想象得那么多”。他本人已否定多个不满意的外文译本。
此外,一些在中国销量达数百万的经典作品,如路遥《平凡的世界》等,也一直未能走出华语世界。
“面对西方文化占主导的客观环境,东方文学要想在世界占一席之地,确实很难。毕竟东西方文化差异无法根除。”中国作协书记处书记李敬泽这样解释中国文学“走出去”面临的困境。
中国文字著作权协会总干事张洪波认为,从长远来看,随着中国综合国力的增强和汉语普及度的提高,语言将不是文学作品走出去的主要障碍,“但当下,国外汉学家青黄不接,数量不足”。
张洪波强调,出版社应该更多发挥主导作用,“走出去”要有的放矢,更多关注海外图书市场的需求和反映。
据李敬泽透露,为推动中国文学更好地推介到海外,有关机构正通过提供翻译资助,鼓励更多母语为外语的人参与中国文学作品的翻译。同时,鼓励中国作家更多参与包括国际书展在内的推广活动,加强与海外市场接触。
日前,由中国国务院新闻办公室、中国作家协会和中国外文局联合举办中国文学翻译大赛在京启动。组委会推荐30篇中国当代优秀短篇小说作为待译原文,参赛者选择其一翻译成英、法、俄、西和阿等任一种外语。主办方表示,大赛主旨是激励国内外翻译创作力量向世界传播中华文化的“主动性和创造性”。
分析人士指出,中国文学“走出去”不应局限于传统意义上的严肃纯文学作品,也应包括年轻一代作家反映都市白领生活和情感状态的都市文学等作品。
有多位外国资深媒体人士向记者表示,因为中国影响力日益显著,越来越多的外国人希望读到关于中国人日常生活的故事。
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushDiscussesEconomy
THE PRESIDENT: Earlier today I spoke with members of my economic team. They updated me on the state of our economy. This morning we learned ...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentsRadioAddress
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. Its not every day that Americans look forward to hearing from the Internal Revenue Service, bu...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushDiscussesFISA
THE PRESIDENT: Last month House leaders declared that they needed 21 additional days to pass legislation giving our intelligence professionals ...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushAttendsNorthAtlanticCouncilSummitMeeting
THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Secretary General, President Basescu, thank you all very much. For nearly six decades the NATO Alli...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushDepartsforNATOSummit
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. Laura and I are on our way to a very important NATO summit, and members of the United States Congress are o...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushVisitstheEconomicClubofNewYork
THE PRESIDENT: Glenn, thanks for the kind introduction. Thanks for giving me a chance to speak to the Economic Club of New Yor...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
<P class=0 style="LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: rgb(0,51,153); FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial'; mso-spacerun: 'yes...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
President'sRadioAddress
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. On Friday, I traveled to New York City to talk about the state of our economy. This is a top...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
PresidentBushParticipatesinJointPressAvailabilitywithPresidentViktorYushchenkoofUkraine
PRESIDENT YUSHCHENKO: (As translated.) Dear Mr. President, excellencies, ladies and ...
Notice: Use of undefined constant ‘the_content’ - assumed '‘the_content’' in D:\wwwroot\cnuniwords\wwwroot\wp-content\themes\uniwords\single-translation-news.php on line 47
President'sRadioAddress
THE PRESIDENT: Good morning. I'm speaking to you from Europe, where I attended the NATO summit and witnessed the hopeful pr...